Condominium Insurance Quotes To Secure Your Assets

Getting your home insured is one of the wisest decisions you could take to save money and protect your assets. Whether you go for a traditional styled house, or rather choose to get a small duplex or an apartment to reside in you should get it insured. You can be careful but cannot fight completely any disaster such as a fire accident, robbery, vandalism or natural perils like earthquake, flood or lightening.You may think that the homeowners have to take care of the insurance plans and it should not be your concern. Well, guess what- the homeowners insurance would not cover your personal items. Do you think it is going to be easy for you to replace all the damaged furniture, appliances, clothes, and jewelry yourself? Of course it is not affordable. Condominium insurance takes care of the damages like these and help you through such disasters.Condominiums have to be protected just like big traditional houses are. Get a condominium insurance to do this. Rules and Regulations Condominium insurance is a bit different. It has to be within the rules established by the condominium policy of the area. An important way to go about it is to be patient. Do not impulsively accept the first option you see. Maturely compare the insurance plans and see what you want to protect the most and how comprehensive is the coverage. Also, how well can you afford the insurance plan is important. Do make a mature and wise decision you should stay updated regarding the insurance agencies and new offers in the area. Cheap Condominium Insurance As you try to hunt down the cheap condominium insurance companies, make sure you shortlist only A rated companies. It is for your protection after all and you have every reason to invest generously.Interestingly, you do not have to spend much. In condominiums the insurance rates are the lowest. You get to protect your belongings and you have to pay only around $ 10 every month. This is obviously nothing if you imagine comparing it to the loss that may happen after a fire accident. It is not hard to short list the good insurance companies in your vicinity. Simply go to a search engine and your job is half done. So, to protect what you have bought with planning and care, you only have to spend a little more ad stay relieved. Enjoy what you have invested in.

Read more details about condominium insurance quotes and condo insurance quotes.

Condominium Complexes in the Philippines

manila condominiums. According to many real estate ph experts, condominiums found in the city are the first types of condominiums in the Philippine market. Like its predecessors, such as apartment buildings and townhouses, condominiums aim to offer Filipinos a home where they can easily and conveniently access their workplaces from. This is the reason why condominiums became popular in the first place.

Because of its location, most of its residents are usually company executives, high-wage earners such as call center managers, business owners, as well as a number of wealthy families who only wished to live in a place where they can have easy access on all important places such as commercial places.

However, other than in business and commercial districts there are also other types of condominiums found in the Philippine market. Some of those are condominium complexes.

Condominium Complexes Condominium complexes are types of condominiums which cater to the needs of a growing modern Filipino family. Part of the reason why is because these types of condominiums are mostly found around the outskirts of Metro Manila.

Other than the difference in location, another difference is its structure. Compared to most condominiums in the city, which are mostly high-rise buildings, condominium complexes are usually composed of medium-rise buildings (although there are a number of condominium complexes that also offer high-rise buildings) within an exclusive community, usually resembling a small subdivision.

Because of its location, along with its exclusivity, condominium complexes became a popular type of housing for modern Filipino families.

Other Benefits In addition to its locations, there are also other reasons why condominiums and condominium complexes became popular in the Philippines. Some of those is because of its amenities, particularly its collection of facilities such as swimming pools, gyms, and sports complexes.

Condominium complexes can also offer the same benefit, with the addition, however, of facilities which cater to the needs of growing children such as recreational parks and playgrounds.

Condominiums and condominium complexes are also known to offer their own maintenance and security personnel, which is why many condominiums can assure that their living spaces are properly maintained while their security are always assured within the confines of their condominium. “>Condominiums are some of the most popular types of housings in the Philippines today. Although there are many unique benefits that condominiums can offer to its residents, such as its amenities and facilities, condominiums also became popular because of its different locations, allowing these types of housings to serve the different needs of different Filipinos. Here are some of those types of condominiums:

Condominiums in the City Most condominiums in the Philippines are found in business and commercial districts, such as the many manila condominiums. According to many real estate ph experts, condominiums found in the city are the first types of condominiums in the Philippine market. Like its predecessors, such as apartment buildings and townhouses, condominiums aim to offer Filipinos a home where they can easily and conveniently access their workplaces from. This is the reason why condominiums became popular in the first place.

Because of its location, most of its residents are usually company executives, high-wage earners such as call center managers, business owners, as well as a number of wealthy families who only wished to live in a place where they can have easy access on all important places such as commercial places.

However, other than in business and commercial districts there are also other types of condominiums found in the Philippine market. Some of those are condominium complexes.

Condominium Complexes Condominium complexes are types of condominiums which cater to the needs of a growing modern Filipino family. Part of the reason why is because these types of condominiums are mostly found around the outskirts of Metro Manila.

Other than the difference in location, another difference is its structure. Compared to most condominiums in the city, which are mostly high-rise buildings, condominium complexes are usually composed of medium-rise buildings (although there are a number of condominium complexes that also offer high-rise buildings) within an exclusive community, usually resembling a small subdivision.

Because of its location, along with its exclusivity, condominium complexes became a popular type of housing for modern Filipino families.

Other Benefits In addition to its locations, there are also other reasons why condominiums and condominium complexes became popular in the Philippines. Some of those is because of its amenities, particularly its collection of facilities such as swimming pools, gyms, and sports complexes.

Condominium complexes can also offer the same benefit, with the addition, however, of facilities which cater to the needs of growing children such as recreational parks and playgrounds.

Condominiums and condominium complexes are also known to offer their own maintenance and security personnel, which is why many condominiums can assure that their living spaces are properly maintained while their security are always assured within the confines of their condominium.

Condominium Boards Can Kill Your Resale Value

A blind man knows when the sun is shining, and even a casual observer can spot a poorly operated condominium association. A lax set of rules and regulations, perceptually poor upkeep, higher than usual percentage of rentals, restrictive pet policies, and an overall lack of cache all can negatively effect an association and may be harmful to the resale value of any given condominium within the association.

The status quo of any existing association can be difficult to overturn, but often is the first step necessary in the process of making-over a condo association. Often, new board members, rules and regulations, and budgets need to be reviewed and implemented. Money must be spent for capital improvements on an ongoing basis. Condominium buildings are like cars, fine clothes, and offspring- they all need constant upkeep for optimal performance It would be reasonable to assume that Mr.Condo Neglect has the direct phone number to Mr. Lower Resale Values- and probably has him on speed-dial.

In addition, a new outside management company can be a breath of fresh air for an existing condominium association. A new set of eyes on the management of expenses, reviewing the cost of various amenities, actively pursuing delinquent accounts, and getting new bids on big ticket items like the master insurance policy can help strengthen the effectiveness of many condo associations.

Upgrading common elements is always essential to maintaining or recapturing the cache of any given condominium building. Curb appeal, and the impressions made by some of the common elements of any give condo association do indeed set a tone, and reflect upon a buyers perception. Often times, buyers have made up their mind as to whether or not they are interested in a condominium unit, prior to even stepping foot in that unit. In many cases, you can indeed judge a book by its cover. Old for Old Sake can indeed be a strong attraction to many buyers (think Pre-War Condos), but that old had better be in tip top shape, and those decisions are made by the condo board.

A lax condominium board that doesnt enforce rules, regulations, or have a system in place to limit the ratio of tenants to owners can indeed wreak havoc on the values of condos within that association. And from time to time, that association needs to review policies that best fits the needs and goals of condo owners. Condominium associations do indeed play a role in the value of its units, and many perspective buyers will take a good hard look at how any given association is operating in order to assess the value, or lack thereof for the condo being considered.

Foreign Condominium Ownership In Thailand And Sale-able Floor Area

Foreigners are not allowed to own land in Thailand in their own name but foreigners are allowed to own and buy condos in Thailand freehold in their own name. Buying a condominium in Thailand is a popular real estate investment for foreigners but foreign ownership is limited to a quota. Foreign ownership in a condominium or condominium development project is limited to 49% of the sale-able total floor area within that condominium. The remaining 51% of the floor area in the condominium must be owned by Thais.

An important aspect of a condominium purchase is the fact that the unit falls within the 49% foreign ownership quota within such condominium.

With sale-able floor area is referred to the floor area of the condo, and not the common areas within a condominium. The floor area of a condominium unit is stated in the condominium unit title deed, which again relates to the voting rights in the condominium juristic person and co-ownership in the common areas.

Condominium projects in Thailand are often sold during the construction and prior to completion of the building and issuance of the official government issued ‘condominium unit title deed’. The foreigners buying a condominium under construction in Thailand will find in the sale and purchase agreement that the purchase price is based on the square meters of such unit to be built or completed. The purchase price usually contains the condition that the purchase price will be adjusted based on the final floor area as will be measured by the Thailand land office surveyor when the unit is finished. Upon completion of the condominium building in Thailand the final floor area will be stated in the official ownership condominium unit title deed. This size is based on the official survey by the Land Department. It is not uncommon that the final purchase price is adjusted with up to 10% difference from the purchase price in the condominium sale and purchase agreement. It is important to be aware of this aspect.

The final floor area is measured by the Land Department and stated in the condominium unit title deed which is administrated and issued by the Land Department. In the Thailand Condominium Act the floor area of a condominium is referred to as private ownership and the wall dividing apartment units shall be joint ownership between the adjoining units.

Common ownership in the condominium is among other the land on which the condominium is situated, the frame structure of a condominium, the office of the condominium juristic person.

When buying a condominium in Thailand it is important to understand the legal procedure and restrictions for ownership in a condominium based on the saleable floor area.

For more information samuiforsale offers free Thailand property related legal information for foreigners.

Pros And Cons Of Every Type Of Condominiums In The Philippines

Condominiums is one of the of the most popular types of housing in the Philippines today. Many Filipinos have come to consider living in a condominium basically because of several advantages or benefits that the other types of housing cannot provide. So what are the reasons why condominiums became so popular in the Philippines?

Why condominiums are popular
One apparent reason why condominiums became popular is because of its affordability. A condominium unit would usually cost around half the usual cost of a house or a townhouse, ranging from P500,000 Philippine Pesos to P2,000,000 Philippine Pesos. Although not as affordable as renting an apartment, buying a condo unit allows its people to achieve a more permanent residence than that of apartments.

Other than its affordability, there are other advantages to owning a condominium. However, this greatly depends on the type of condominium. Currently, there are two major types of condominiums available in the Philippines market today. One is the condominium building while the one is a the condominium complex.

Advantages and disadvantages of condominium buildings
Condominium buildings are usually found near or inside major business districts and commercial areas. The advantage of owning a unit from a condominium building is that it allows its residents to be within walking distance or mass transit distance to their work place or commercial areas, such as those found in Makati City.

The disadvantage, however, is that it can’t provide the same luxury which is usually found in condominium complexes. So what are these advantages that made condominium complexes popular?

Advantages and disadvantages of condominium complexes
Unlike the condominium buildings, almost all condominium complexes has amenities which are usually not available when buying a house, or usually found in expensive townhouse complexes. Amenities include resort facilities such as swimming pools, gyms, parks and playground equipment. However, the disadvantage of condominium complexes is that most of these are found outside cities, mostly in the outskirts or in provincial areas such as those found in Tagaytay.

Although this made it harder for residents to get back to the city, especially because of rush hour, it did provide a way for residents to enjoy a life outside of the busy streets of a city. However, according to several philippine real estate experts, there are some condominium buildings that could provide a small amount of amenity, such as indoor swimming pools and gyms.

How To Select The Condominium For You

Buying a condominium is one of the great investments whether it’s for your own use or as a rental property. The choice of a condominium that meets your needs will be influenced by many things.

To acquire a suitable condominium, you need the right tools to help you in your search. The internet, real estate agent and financing are what you require.

The internet will help with the condominium search; the real estate agent will provide you with expert advice on top of helping you to search for condominiums in your area of interest. You need financing if you are not paying in cash for the condominium.

An important thing to consider before buying a condominium is how far it is from social amenities like schools, hospitals, commuter rail, shopping malls and entertainment spots. How far these amenities are has an impact on costs incurred on fuel. A potential condominium owner will take into consideration how far a condominium is from good schools.

Price is an important factor when buying a condominium. Everyone has a tendency to try and save as much as possible The resale value of the property is important as much as we want to buy cheap because you might want to sell the property in the future. In regard to price, just ensure you get value for the money you pay.

Another thing to consider is taxes charged on condominium in different locations. With time, lower taxes will help you make major savings. After deciding on the condominium you want to buy, check online for property tax records of the complex. With this information, you are able to tell how many units are owner occupied and you are also able to see how the taxes have been for the last few years.

You need to check for deferred maintenance before buying a condominium. This is done by driving through the condominium complex and nearby areas. If the complex and the nearby areas look as if maintenance is deferred, you can cross this off your list.

Have the real estate agent find out if there are any recent or upcoming assessments after finding the condominium you are interested in. Are there major renovations that are not covered by the home owner’s association fees? This information will help you determine whether buying a condominium in the area is a smart choice.

The rules and regulation set up by the home owners association is another important factor to take into consideration. Are pets allowed? Are you entitled to a parking spot? Will you have a separate water bill?

The rental price in the area is an important consideration for a condominium to be used as a rental property. The purchase price and the rental income will be compared to determine whether it makes economic sense to purchase the condominium. One advantage of having a condominium as a rental property is that the exterior maintenance is taken care for you.

Is there a community news letter? Familiarize yourself with it. By reading the newsletter you will be able to know whether you will feel at home in that place.

Finding the right condominium has been made easy by this information.

Tips In Choosing Between Houses And Condominiums

Some of the most popular types of residential Philippines properties for sale in the market today are houses and condominiums. Both are known for its advantages and disadvantages. These, however, works with individual needs. Though some may think that a house is perfect for their needs, some may find houses inadequate for their needs, which makes condominiums a possible solution for them.

So which of these two types of housing is perfect for your needs? Here are some pros and cons which you can use to analyze which type of housing is perfect for your personal and family needs.

Houses Houses are still one of the most popular types of residential Philippines properties for sale today. Even though other types of housing have significantly gained a lot of popularity and demand in the market, the number of new houses are still increasing in the market.

Pros Family oriented: Many Filipinos still consider houses as the only type of housing perfect for their growing family, particularly because of its environment, which is normally found not too far from the city. Affordability: Compared to condominiums, houses are more affordable for many Filipinos, particularly the new houses for sale around Metro Manila. Modification rights: Compared to owning a condo unit, owning a house allows its residents to modify its exterior and interior, as well as the land it sits on, as they please.

Cons Location: Though still accessible to business and commercial districts, residents may still find it hard to get to work, particularly because of rush hour.

Condominiums Condominiums have become one of the most popular types of residential Philippines properties for sale today, particularly because of its many benefits.

Pros Location: Compared to houses, most condominiums are found in business and commercial districts, allowing their residents to live within walking distance to their workplaces as well as popular entertainment areas.

Relaxing location: Other than in the city, new condominiums such as condominium complexes are mostly found in areas far from the city, such as in the outskirts or even in provincial areas. Because of its environment, condominium complexes became popular as an alternative to houses.

Maintainability: Condominium are known to hire their own maintenance personnel to assure the livability and cleanliness of their condominium.

Security: Similar to maintainability, condominiums are also known to hire their own security personnel to assure the safety of their residents.

Luxurious lifestyle: Condominiums, particularly those in the city, are known for its luxurious lifestyle, particularly because most of its residents are wealthy.

Amenities: Condominium complexes are known for their amenities such as swimming pools, parks, playgrounds, and gyms in which residents can enjoy exclusively.

Cons Expensive: Compared to most houses, condominiums are very expensive, particularly those in the city.

Condo fees: Because of its maintainability and security, residents are obligated to pay a fee which is used for the maintenance of all facilities found in the condominium.

Restrictions: Condominiums are mostly known for its rules and regulations in which residents are obligated to follow. Some of their rules can be too restrictive such as limiting the number of residents living in a unit as well as disallowing children on their compounds.

Location (condominium complexes): Compared to houses, condominium complexes are mostly found in the outskirts or in provincial areas, which is farther compared to the suburbs.

Tips For Proper Condominium Association Management

Condominiums have gained popularity as is evident with the increasing demand for these housing units. For the property association to work well, the proper management must be in place. This is what most people find challenging, so they try to avoid being on the condominium management team.

However, with the proper information and good strategies in place, it is very easy to properly manage a property on behalf of the condominium association. For instance, it should be noted that many issues are the result of poor management of finances within the association. This can be dealt with by having a budget in place that will account for every expense. These expenses should be supported by documents such as payment slips and receipts.

The budget plays a very important role in the management process since all members can see how their money has been spent in the development and maintenance of the property in general, thereby promoting harmony and trust between members. The other tip for making management successful is learning the goals and objectives of the association and then coming up with strategies to meet them in the long run.

The one mistake most associations make is failing to come up with the main objectives or failing to set expectations for the association. Management is much easier when there is a clear idea of what should be achieved in the end as this helps in coming up with strategies that will indeed work towards achieving these goals. The strategies made to achieve the overall goals should be discussed among the members to ensure that everyone is on the same page and that every idea is accommodated.

To ensure that the property is always occupied, the management should take it upon itself to ensure that the property is well maintained and remains attractive to clients. The amenities within the property and all systems should be kept in good working condition to keep the property as good as new.

There are companies which offer condominium association management services for those who find it difficult to manage the condominium association. These services have come in handy for condominium association members as they can rest assured that all issues pertaining to the property are taken care of by professionals and will definitely meet with success. It is important to choose a management company that will offer all necessary services and has the necessary experience and expertise to accomplish its job successfully.

Questions To Ask Before Investing A Condominium – Paradise Valley Real Estate Usa

Condominium living is gaining in popularity these days and this is especially true with Paradise Valley real estate. The idea of living in a desirable location with desirable attributes, such as affordable housing and low maintenance along with the enhanced security features is appealing to those buyers that opt to invest in a condominium.

However, investing in a Paradise Valley condominium is not an easy matter. There are a lot of tasks that need to be considered before decisions are made. If you are thinking of investing in a condominium here’s a checklist of questions to ask before investing a condominium.

Plans:

Are you planning on living in a condominium, rent it out, or re-sell it? How many units are you going to invest and how many rooms? These things are worth looking into in choosing the condo that is right for you or your family. It is also important to decide on whether you are going to live in high rise or low rise building. Beyond the amazing city view, determine if there is a family member that has fear of heights so you’ll be guided appropriately.

Affordability:

How much will you be willing to invest in a condominium? What other fees will be incorporated in the ownership of a condominium? Most developers have association fees to maintain and other recurring costs. Make sure you understand you tax obligation on your unit and how it is computed. Most importantly is to understand the current financials of the Home Owner Association (HOA) as moving into a condo that is about to demand assessments for maintenance, etc., is a surprise you don’t need.

Desirable Location:

How accessible is the condo to schools, offices and other conveniences? Nowadays, people are opting to invest in a condominium for proximity to these conveniences, so it is important to choose a condo that is close to the places you frequently want to frequent. There are also mixed-use condominiums that are partially residential and commercial providing many of the wants and needs you may need in the same building.

Rules and Restrictions:

Every condominium is governed by its rules and restrictions set for its residents. These may be very strict or relaxed. These are necessary to ensure that condominiums are properly operated and maintained. How are repairs and renovations processed? Or is alteration of the unit space and appearance allowed? Are pets allowed? How many occupants are allowed in your unit? Know all the covenants and restrictions of your HOA because this is what you’re signing up for and what you’re going to live with for the duration of your ownership of your unit.

Neighborhood:

Condominiums can be a complete community within one complex offering a wide range of social and recreational activities. Before choosing the right condo for you, consider the target market of the condominium. Many condominiums are especially suited for a certain lifestyle, such as young professionals and families with young children and some are age restricted. Some of the condominiums have commercial establishments on the ground floor and it may not be suitable to your lifestyle.

Available Amenities:

What are the amenities offered by the condominium? Will they be of use to you? Most condominiums offer a variety of amenities so pick one with amenities that are of use to you such as parking space, concierge service or a gym that may compliment your lifestyle. For those with kids, one with a swimming pool and playground is a good pick.

You also need to consider the track record of the real estate developer. Further, there are many real estate agents and other professionals available that will be able to assist you along the way. A skilled and trustworthy real estate agent that understands condominiums and HOA’s can help you save time, energy, and money. Once you have answered the questions you need to consider in investing in a condominium and your REALTOR has answered your questions you can pursue your purchase with peace of mind and enjoy your new abode.

If your choice in Paradise Valley real estate includes a condominium or a luxury valley home, give us a call or email us. Paradise Valley real estate is our full time business and our Luxury Valley Homes team is here to help you with your real estate requirements.

For more information, please visit our website.

Paradise Valley Homes Arizona:

The Paradise Valley real estate website offers insider information on many Paradise Valley, Arizona luxury neighborhoods. It’s designed to give you an idea of the local market and current Paradise Valley real estate Multiple Listing Service (MLS) listings and all of the Maricopa County listings that are currently available. We understand that your time is precious – why waste it trying to find descriptions of communities or downtown ondo buildings?

Get all your Paradise Valley real estate research done right here, in one place. We want to make navigating the real estate world as easy as possible, you’ll see that on our website, and you’ll see it in our service.

If you’d like more information about relocation, luxury real estate, waterfront homes, or properties in Paradise Valley, AZ, please don’t hesitate to contact us. We’re happy to answer all questions, big or small.

There are actually two Paradise Valleys. The first is the more secluded Town of Paradise Valley, comprised mainly of high-dollar homes nestled against the sides of Sonoran Desert hills or hidden behind oleander-covered estate walls. Commerce here is limited almost entirely to a handful of award-winning destination resorts. The town’s country club atmosphere creates a sense that this is paradise found.

The second is Greater Paradise Valley, a larger, more diverse community that encompasses newcomers and longtimers, the young and the old, and businesses large and small. At its core is Paradise Valley Mall, the regional shopping center and surrounding all this are the homes that make up Paradise Valley real estate.

The Town of Paradise Valley, located just north of landmark Camelback Mountain, is almost entirely residential. Among its amenities enjoyed by residents and visitors alike are Marriott’s Camelback Inn Resort & Spa, Marriott’s Mountain Shadows Resort, Doubletree’s La Posada Resort, the Sanctury Retreat, and the exclusive shops and restaurants located near the town’s border with Scottsdale, and Phoenix.

Despite the town’s relatively small area and population compared to other cities in the Phoenix metropolitan area, Paradise Valley is home to twelve resorts, making it one of Arizona’s premiere tourist destinations. Paradise Valley real estate is known for its luxury homes, with a median home price at $1.74 million, with many exceeding $5 million and some over $20 million.

There is no postmark that reads “Greater Paradise Valley”. The community, well within Phoenix city limits, is considered a distinct “village”. Encircling the shopping mall are retail developments, apartments and condominiums and health-care facilities. Paradise Valley Hospital is here. A major high tech industry, City of Phoenix, which produces silicon wafers, opened in 1997 and the Mayo Clinic Hospital opened in 1998.

Outside this core are townhomes, single-family homes, small estates with horse privileges and a handful of golf courses. The area is known for its above average housing, excellent schools and overall family quality of life.

Popular Amenities of Living in a Condominium Unit

What made condominiums popular? According to many experts, condominiums had gained a lot of popularity in the Philippines because of its many benefits, such as its accessibility to business and commercial districts. But other than those benefits, condominiums are also known for its other advantages, such as:

Amenities of Condominiums Other than the fact that these types of modern Philippines properties for sale can offer Filipinos the opportunity to live in home where they can easily and conveniently access their workplaces, condominiums are also known for collection of amenities that made it unique from other types of modern housings in the country.

Maintainability and Security Condominiums are not the only types of housing in the Philippines which are found in the middle of a popular business and commercial district, such as in Makati City. Apartment buildings as well as a number of townhouses are also found in different business and commercial districts which can offer a more affordable home where Filipinos can easily access their workplaces.

However, the reason why condominiums had gained a lot of popularity is because of its unique benefits, including its own maintenance and security personnel.

Although many apartment buildings are known to offer these, condominiums were the only types of such housings in the past that constantly offered these benefits, which is why condominiums quickly rose up in the market.

Because of its maintainability and security, condominiums can ensure their residents that their living spaces will be maintained properly, while their safety is assured within the confines of their condominium units.

Facilities In addition to its maintainability and its security, another major reason why condominiums had gained a lot of popularity in the Philippines is because of its unique collection of facilities in which condominiums are the only types of modern housings in business and commercial districts that can offer facilities, such as swimming pools, gyms, and sports complexes.

Because of these facilities, condominiums quickly became even more popular among many modern Filipinos who seek to live in a unique home where they can easily take advantage of its different benefits. Since then, condominiums had strived to become one of the most popular and in-demand types of housings in the Philippine market. Condominiums for Families There are also a number of condominiums which are found in the outskirts of Metro Manila. These types of condo in Philippines are known as condominium complexes, and part of what made these types of housings popular as a family-home is because of its family-oriented environment, as well as its facilities which can accommodate the needs of growing children, such as recreational parks and playgrounds.